What type of maneuver is the circling approach described as?

The circling approach is classified as a visual flight maneuver because it requires the pilot to have visual reference to the runway and surrounding environment while maneuvering to land. During a circling approach, pilots are typically flying around a point in the airspace to align the aircraft with the landing runway that is not directly in line with the final approach course. This maneuver relies on visual cues, such as landmarks or the runway lights, making it essential for pilots to maintain situational awareness visually.

Although other types of approaches, like precision or non-precision instrument approaches, may involve flying solely by instruments, the circling approach necessitates visual navigation capabilities, especially when transitioning from the instrument flight to visual flight. It’s important to note that all landing maneuvers carry risks, but circling approaches specifically aim to give pilots a clear view of the landing environment, which is fundamental for executing this maneuver safely.