When can a pilot legally turn before reaching the departure end of the runway after a touch-and-go?

In the context of a touch-and-go operation, pilots are generally required to reach the departure end of the runway before making any turns. However, there are circumstances under which a turn may be legally initiated before reaching the departure end, making the answer to this question quite nuanced.

When visibility is clear, pilots can maintain spatial awareness, which can safely allow for a turn when they can see the airfield and surrounding area, mitigating risks associated with premature turns.

Additionally, being specifically cleared for a closed pattern by an air traffic controller is another condition under which a pilot may turn prior to the departure end. In this case, air traffic control has determined that it is safe for the pilot to transition into a pattern, essentially authorizing the turn before the runway end.

Stating that a pilot can never turn before the departure end does not take into account these operational procedures and clearances that can modify that rule.

Thus, all specified conditions being applicable reflects the circumstances under which a pilot might legally initiate a turn before reaching the departure end of the runway after performing a touch-and-go maneuver. This understanding emphasizes the importance of adhering to both visual cues and communication from air traffic control during flight operations.