When entering a published ICAO holding pattern with an inbound holding course of 270 on a 020 entry heading, which entry procedure is acceptable?

To determine the acceptable entry procedure into a published ICAO holding pattern, it’s essential to first understand the mechanics of entering a hold. In this case, the inbound holding course is 270 degrees, and the heading for entry is 020 degrees.

When approaching a holding pattern, the standard procedures include direct, parallel, and offset entry angles. Generally, you assess your entry based on the relationship between your entry heading and the inbound holding course. Since the inbound course of 270 degrees is to the west, and the entry heading is 020 degrees, you are significantly offset from the heading needed to establish in the hold.

A direct entry typically requires a heading that is within 20 degrees of the holding course, which in this scenario implies a heading between 250 degrees and 290 degrees would be considered a direct entry. However, since the entry heading of 020 degrees is outside this range, a direct entry is not transitioned appropriately.

Turning right from 020 degrees brings you closer to the holding course of 270 degrees. Turning right 180 degrees would mean you would be heading towards the course you need to establish in the hold. Therefore, choosing to turn right allows for a quicker alignment with the inbound leg of the hold and is a standard